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1.如何查看makefile构建过程执行的命令#xff1f;
2.如何使用GCC生成C程序的宏展开文件#xff1f;
3.如何在qemu中执行特定的可执行程序#xff1f;
4.如何在qemu中直接运行可执行程序#xff1f;
5.如何在qemu中调试某个可执行程序#xff1f; 本文从调试的角…目录
1.如何查看makefile构建过程执行的命令
2.如何使用GCC生成C程序的宏展开文件
3.如何在qemu中执行特定的可执行程序
4.如何在qemu中直接运行可执行程序
5.如何在qemu中调试某个可执行程序 本文从调试的角度出发分享QEMU调试过程中的常见调试方法。 1.如何查看makefile构建过程执行的命令
为了深入理解ucore操作系统实验的编译链接细节需要知道makefile在执行的过程中一步一步的指令执行情况。然而大部分的工程中makefile实际执行情况是没有输出日志的因此如何产生makefile指令执行的内容十分必要。
make命令的--just-print选项可以让makefile文件组织的工程只输出构建过程中要执行的命令而不实际执行这些命令。 当上述的命令执行完成后十分详细的输出的结果如下
touch -c kern/process/proc.c
make --quiet --no-print-directory DEFS-DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size
echo cc kern/init/entry.S
gcc -Ikern/init/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/init/entry.S -o obj/kern/init/entry.o
echo cc kern/init/init.c
gcc -Ikern/init/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/init/init.c -o obj/kern/init/init.o
echo cc kern/libs/stdio.c
gcc -Ikern/libs/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/libs/stdio.c -o obj/kern/libs/stdio.o
echo cc kern/libs/readline.c
gcc -Ikern/libs/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/libs/readline.c -o obj/kern/libs/readline.o
echo cc kern/debug/panic.c
gcc -Ikern/debug/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/debug/panic.c -o obj/kern/debug/panic.o
echo cc kern/debug/kdebug.c
gcc -Ikern/debug/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/debug/kdebug.c -o obj/kern/debug/kdebug.o
echo cc kern/debug/kmonitor.c
gcc -Ikern/debug/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/debug/kmonitor.c -o obj/kern/debug/kmonitor.o
echo cc kern/driver/ide.c
gcc -Ikern/driver/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/driver/ide.c -o obj/kern/driver/ide.o
echo cc kern/driver/clock.c
gcc -Ikern/driver/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/driver/clock.c -o obj/kern/driver/clock.o
echo cc kern/driver/console.c
gcc -Ikern/driver/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/driver/console.c -o obj/kern/driver/console.o
echo cc kern/driver/picirq.c
gcc -Ikern/driver/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/driver/picirq.c -o obj/kern/driver/picirq.o
echo cc kern/driver/intr.c
gcc -Ikern/driver/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/driver/intr.c -o obj/kern/driver/intr.o
echo cc kern/trap/trap.c
gcc -Ikern/trap/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/trap/trap.c -o obj/kern/trap/trap.o
echo cc kern/trap/vectors.S
gcc -Ikern/trap/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/trap/vectors.S -o obj/kern/trap/vectors.o
echo cc kern/trap/trapentry.S
gcc -Ikern/trap/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/trap/trapentry.S -o obj/kern/trap/trapentry.o
echo cc kern/mm/pmm.c
gcc -Ikern/mm/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/mm/pmm.c -o obj/kern/mm/pmm.o
echo cc kern/mm/swap_fifo.c
gcc -Ikern/mm/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/mm/swap_fifo.c -o obj/kern/mm/swap_fifo.o
echo cc kern/mm/vmm.c
gcc -Ikern/mm/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/mm/vmm.c -o obj/kern/mm/vmm.o
echo cc kern/mm/kmalloc.c
gcc -Ikern/mm/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/mm/kmalloc.c -o obj/kern/mm/kmalloc.o
echo cc kern/mm/swap.c
gcc -Ikern/mm/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/mm/swap.c -o obj/kern/mm/swap.o
echo cc kern/mm/default_pmm.c
gcc -Ikern/mm/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/mm/default_pmm.c -o obj/kern/mm/default_pmm.o
echo cc kern/fs/swapfs.c
gcc -Ikern/fs/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/fs/swapfs.c -o obj/kern/fs/swapfs.o
echo cc kern/process/switch.S
gcc -Ikern/process/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/process/switch.S -o obj/kern/process/switch.o
echo cc kern/process/entry.S
gcc -Ikern/process/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/process/entry.S -o obj/kern/process/entry.o
echo cc kern/process/proc.c
gcc -Ikern/process/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/process/proc.c -o obj/kern/process/proc.o
echo cc kern/schedule/sched.c
gcc -Ikern/schedule/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/schedule/sched.c -o obj/kern/schedule/sched.o
echo cc kern/syscall/syscall.c
gcc -Ikern/syscall/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Ikern/debug/ -Ikern/driver/ -Ikern/trap/ -Ikern/mm/ -Ikern/libs/ -Ikern/sync/ -Ikern/fs/ -Ikern/process -Ikern/schedule -Ikern/syscall -c kern/syscall/syscall.c -o obj/kern/syscall/syscall.o
echo cc libs/string.c
gcc -Ilibs/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -c libs/string.c -o obj/libs/string.o
echo cc libs/printfmt.c
gcc -Ilibs/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -c libs/printfmt.c -o obj/libs/printfmt.o
echo cc libs/hash.c
gcc -Ilibs/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -c libs/hash.c -o obj/libs/hash.o
echo cc libs/rand.c
gcc -Ilibs/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -c libs/rand.c -o obj/libs/rand.o
echo cc user/hello.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/hello.c -o obj/user/hello.o
echo cc user/libs/panic.c
gcc -Iuser/libs/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/libs/panic.c -o obj/user/libs/panic.o
echo cc user/libs/syscall.c
gcc -Iuser/libs/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/libs/syscall.c -o obj/user/libs/syscall.o
echo cc user/libs/ulib.c
gcc -Iuser/libs/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/libs/ulib.c -o obj/user/libs/ulib.o
echo cc user/libs/initcode.S
gcc -Iuser/libs/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/libs/initcode.S -o obj/user/libs/initcode.o
echo cc user/libs/stdio.c
gcc -Iuser/libs/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/libs/stdio.c -o obj/user/libs/stdio.o
echo cc user/libs/umain.c
gcc -Iuser/libs/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/libs/umain.c -o obj/user/libs/umain.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_hello.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/hello.o
objdump -S obj/__user_hello.out obj/user/hello.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_hello.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/hello.sym
echo cc user/badarg.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/badarg.c -o obj/user/badarg.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_badarg.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/badarg.o
objdump -S obj/__user_badarg.out obj/user/badarg.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_badarg.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/badarg.sym
echo cc user/forktree.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/forktree.c -o obj/user/forktree.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_forktree.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/forktree.o
objdump -S obj/__user_forktree.out obj/user/forktree.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_forktree.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/forktree.sym
echo cc user/badsegment.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/badsegment.c -o obj/user/badsegment.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_badsegment.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/badsegment.o
objdump -S obj/__user_badsegment.out obj/user/badsegment.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_badsegment.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/badsegment.sym
echo cc user/faultread.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/faultread.c -o obj/user/faultread.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_faultread.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/faultread.o
objdump -S obj/__user_faultread.out obj/user/faultread.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_faultread.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/faultread.sym
echo cc user/pgdir.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/pgdir.c -o obj/user/pgdir.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_pgdir.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/pgdir.o
objdump -S obj/__user_pgdir.out obj/user/pgdir.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_pgdir.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/pgdir.sym
echo cc user/exit.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/exit.c -o obj/user/exit.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_exit.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/exit.o
objdump -S obj/__user_exit.out obj/user/exit.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_exit.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/exit.sym
echo cc user/softint.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/softint.c -o obj/user/softint.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_softint.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/softint.o
objdump -S obj/__user_softint.out obj/user/softint.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_softint.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/softint.sym
echo cc user/waitkill.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/waitkill.c -o obj/user/waitkill.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_waitkill.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/waitkill.o
objdump -S obj/__user_waitkill.out obj/user/waitkill.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_waitkill.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/waitkill.sym
echo cc user/spin.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/spin.c -o obj/user/spin.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_spin.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/spin.o
objdump -S obj/__user_spin.out obj/user/spin.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_spin.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/spin.sym
echo cc user/yield.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/yield.c -o obj/user/yield.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_yield.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/yield.o
objdump -S obj/__user_yield.out obj/user/yield.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_yield.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/yield.sym
echo cc user/divzero.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/divzero.c -o obj/user/divzero.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_divzero.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/divzero.o
objdump -S obj/__user_divzero.out obj/user/divzero.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_divzero.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/divzero.sym
echo cc user/testbss.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/testbss.c -o obj/user/testbss.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_testbss.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/testbss.o
objdump -S obj/__user_testbss.out obj/user/testbss.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_testbss.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/testbss.sym
echo cc user/faultreadkernel.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/faultreadkernel.c -o obj/user/faultreadkernel.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_faultreadkernel.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/faultreadkernel.o
objdump -S obj/__user_faultreadkernel.out obj/user/faultreadkernel.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_faultreadkernel.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/faultreadkernel.sym
echo cc user/forktest.c
gcc -Iuser/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Iuser/include/ -Iuser/libs/ -c user/forktest.c -o obj/user/forktest.o
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/user.ld -o obj/__user_forktest.out obj/user/libs/panic.o obj/user/libs/syscall.o obj/user/libs/ulib.o obj/user/libs/initcode.o obj/user/libs/stdio.o obj/user/libs/umain.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o obj/user/forktest.o
objdump -S obj/__user_forktest.out obj/user/forktest.asm
objdump -t obj/__user_forktest.out | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/user/forktest.sym
mkdir -p bin/
echo ld bin/kernel
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -T tools/kernel.ld -o bin/kernel obj/kern/init/entry.o obj/kern/init/init.o obj/kern/libs/stdio.o obj/kern/libs/readline.o obj/kern/debug/panic.o obj/kern/debug/kdebug.o obj/kern/debug/kmonitor.o obj/kern/driver/ide.o obj/kern/driver/clock.o obj/kern/driver/console.o obj/kern/driver/picirq.o obj/kern/driver/intr.o obj/kern/trap/trap.o obj/kern/trap/vectors.o obj/kern/trap/trapentry.o obj/kern/mm/pmm.o obj/kern/mm/swap_fifo.o obj/kern/mm/vmm.o obj/kern/mm/kmalloc.o obj/kern/mm/swap.o obj/kern/mm/default_pmm.o obj/kern/fs/swapfs.o obj/kern/process/switch.o obj/kern/process/entry.o obj/kern/process/proc.o obj/kern/schedule/sched.o obj/kern/syscall/syscall.o obj/libs/string.o obj/libs/printfmt.o obj/libs/hash.o obj/libs/rand.o -b binary obj/__user_hello.out obj/__user_badarg.out obj/__user_forktree.out obj/__user_badsegment.out obj/__user_faultread.out obj/__user_pgdir.out obj/__user_exit.out obj/__user_softint.out obj/__user_waitkill.out obj/__user_spin.out obj/__user_yield.out obj/__user_divzero.out obj/__user_testbss.out obj/__user_faultreadkernel.out obj/__user_forktest.out
objdump -S bin/kernel obj/kernel.asm
objdump -t bin/kernel | sed 1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$/d obj/kernel.sym
echo cc boot/bootasm.S
gcc -Iboot/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Os -nostdinc -c boot/bootasm.S -o obj/boot/bootasm.o
echo cc boot/bootmain.c
gcc -Iboot/ -marchi686 -fno-builtin -fno-PIC -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size -fno-stack-protector -Ilibs/ -Os -nostdinc -c boot/bootmain.c -o obj/boot/bootmain.o
echo cc tools/sign.c
gcc -Itools/ -g -Wall -O2 -c tools/sign.c -o obj/sign/tools/sign.o
gcc -g -Wall -O2 obj/sign/tools/sign.o -o bin/sign
echo ld bin/bootblock
ld -m elf_i386 -nostdlib -N -T tools/boot.ld obj/boot/bootasm.o obj/boot/bootmain.o -o obj/bootblock.o
objdump -S obj/bootblock.o obj/bootblock.asm
objcopy -S -O binary obj/bootblock.o obj/bootblock.out
bin/sign obj/bootblock.out bin/bootblock
dd if/dev/zero ofbin/ucore.img count10000
dd ifbin/bootblock ofbin/ucore.img convnotrunc
dd ifbin/kernel ofbin/ucore.img seek1 convnotrunc
dd if/dev/zero ofbin/swap.img bs1024k count128
2.如何使用GCC生成C程序的宏展开文件
在ucore调试的过程中会遇到多层嵌套的宏定义此时理解起来十分的困难那么知道宏展开的结果十分重要例如以下test.c的宏展开。
//test.c文件
// kernel_execve - do SYS_exec syscall to exec a user program called by user_main kernel_thread
static int
kernel_execve(const char *name, unsigned char *binary, size_t size) {int ret, len strlen(name);asm volatile (int %1;: a (ret): i (T_SYSCALL), 0 (SYS_exec), d (name), c (len), b (binary), D (size): memory);return ret;
}#define __KERNEL_EXECVE(name, binary, size) ({ \cprintf(kernel_execve: pid %d, name \%s\.\n, \current-pid, name); \kernel_execve(name, binary, (size_t)(size)); \})#define KERNEL_EXECVE(x) ({ \extern unsigned char _binary_obj___user_##x##_out_start[], \_binary_obj___user_##x##_out_size[]; \__KERNEL_EXECVE(#x, _binary_obj___user_##x##_out_start, \_binary_obj___user_##x##_out_size); \})#define __KERNEL_EXECVE2(x, xstart, xsize) ({ \extern unsigned char xstart[], xsize[]; \__KERNEL_EXECVE(#x, xstart, (size_t)xsize); \})#define KERNEL_EXECVE2(x, xstart, xsize) __KERNEL_EXECVE2(x, xstart, xsize)// user_main - kernel thread used to exec a user program
static int
user_main(void *arg) {
#ifdef TESTKERNEL_EXECVE2(TEST, TESTSTART, TESTSIZE);
#elseKERNEL_EXECVE(exit);
#endifpanic(user_main execve failed.\n);
}
在上面的代码中使用的宏定义如下
TESThello
TESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start
TESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size
此时需要gcc的命令输出C代码的预处理结果这个命令如下
gcc -E -DTESThello -DTESTSTART_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start -DTESTSIZE_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size test.c -o test.i
最终宏展开的详细输出的结果如下
# 1 test.c
# 1 built-in
# 1 command-line
# 1 /usr/include/stdc-predef.h 1 3 4
# 1 command-line 2
# 1 test.cstatic int
kernel_execve(const char *name, unsigned char *binary, size_t size) {int ret, len strlen(name);asm volatile (int %1;: a (ret): i (T_SYSCALL), 0 (SYS_exec), d (name), c (len), b (binary), D (size): memory);return ret;
}
# 35 test.c
static int
user_main(void *arg) {({ extern unsigned char _binary_obj___user_hello_out_start[], _binary_obj___user_hello_out_size[]; ({ cprintf(kernel_execve: pid %d, name \%s\.\n, current-pid, hello); kernel_execve(hello, _binary_obj___user_hello_out_start, (size_t)((size_t)_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size)); });
});panic(user_main execve failed.\n);
}
在上面的代码中变量_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start是外部变量只有声明说明变量的性质但并不分配存储单元没有定义表示创建变量或分配存储单元那在哪里定义的呢
这是由于gcc指令中-D的宏-Dmacro[defn]因此可以理解_binary_obj___user_hello_out_start在gcc命令表示成定义而不是声明。于是上述的代码是可以生成可执行文件的。
-D macrostring等价于在头文件中定义#define macro string。
为了验证相当于#define macro string下面的Qt代码能打印输出。
#include stdio.h#include stdint.h#define TEST hello
#define TESTSTART _binary_obj___user_hello_out_start
#define TESTSIZE _binary_obj___user_hello_out_size#define __KERNEL_EXECVE(name, binary, size) ({ \printf(kernel_execve: pid %d, name \%s\.\n, \1, name); \})#define KERNEL_EXECVE(x) ({ \extern unsigned char _binary_obj___user_##x##_out_start[], \_binary_obj___user_##x##_out_size[]; \__KERNEL_EXECVE(#x, _binary_obj___user_##x##_out_start, \_binary_obj___user_##x##_out_size); \})#define __KERNEL_EXECVE2(TEST, TESTSTART, TESTSIZE) ({ \extern unsigned char xstart[], xsize[]; \__KERNEL_EXECVE(hello, _binary_obj___user_hello_out_start, (size_t)_binary_obj___user_hello_out_size); \})#define KERNEL_EXECVE2(TEST, TESTSTART, TESTSIZE) __KERNEL_EXECVE2(TEST, TESTSTART, TESTSIZE)// user_main - kernel thread used to exec a user program
static int
user_main(void *arg) {
#ifdef TESTKERNEL_EXECVE2(TEST, TESTSTART, TESTSIZE);
#elseKERNEL_EXECVE(exit);
#endifprintf(user_main execve failed.\n);
}int main()
{user_main(NULL);return 0;
}3.如何在qemu中执行特定的可执行程序
在Lab8中用户态编译了多个进程如hello、badarg如何在文件系统中执行某个单独的应用程序是一个关键的问题。
首先执行make clean这一步将清空Lab8工程所有的编译输出结果。 然后执行make 这一步将生成ucore镜像以及应用程序。 然后执行make qemu这一步将启动qemu虚拟机。 然后在qemu输入输出界面按下回车键进入shell界面 最后在shell的终端界面中执行sfs_filetest1 4.如何在qemu中直接运行可执行程序
在第3步中在qemu虚拟机中执行应用程序这种方式效率低。而在qemu中编译、链接、执行某个应用程序的方式效率高且更加有益于单步调试。
首先执行make run-%命令执行某个程序。 最后在终端中查看运行结果。 5.如何在qemu中调试某个可执行程序
首先执行make build-%编译输出可执行程序。 然后执行make debug单步调试目标。 最后设置断点单步调试内核。
