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本框架专为Android应用项目设计#xff0c;遵循以下核心原则#xff1a;
简洁易用#xff1a;提供直观的API#xff0c;降低学习成本生命周期感知#xff1a;深度整合ViewModel和Lifecycle组件安全可靠#xff1a;内置完善的…一、框架设计理念
本框架专为Android应用项目设计遵循以下核心原则
简洁易用提供直观的API降低学习成本生命周期感知深度整合ViewModel和Lifecycle组件安全可靠内置完善的异常处理机制性能优化提供合理的线程调度和资源管理策略
二、轻量级协程框架实现
2.1 基础架构设计
class CoroutineFramework(private val config: Config Config()) {data class Config(val defaultDispatcher: CoroutineDispatcher Dispatchers.IO,val defaultErrorHandler: (Throwable) - Unit { e -Log.e(CoroutineFramework, Global error, e)})fun T safeLaunch(scope: CoroutineScope,dispatcher: CoroutineDispatcher config.defaultDispatcher,errorHandler: (Throwable) - Unit config.defaultErrorHandler,block: suspend CoroutineScope.() - T): Job {return scope.launch(dispatcher CoroutineExceptionHandler { _, e -errorHandler(e)}) {block()}}fun T ViewModel.safeLaunch(dispatcher: CoroutineDispatcher config.defaultDispatcher,errorHandler: (Throwable) - Unit config.defaultErrorHandler,block: suspend CoroutineScope.() - T): Job {return safeLaunch(viewModelScope, dispatcher, errorHandler, block)}
}
2.2 核心功能模块
网络请求封装
suspend fun T requestWithState(scope: CoroutineScope,stateFlow: MutableStateFlowUiStateT,request: suspend () - T
): Job {return scope.safeLaunch {stateFlow.value UiState.Loadingtry {val result withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { request() }stateFlow.value UiState.Success(result)} catch (e: Exception) {stateFlow.value UiState.Error(e)}}
}
智能重试机制
suspend fun T retryable(times: Int 3,initialDelay: Long 1000,maxDelay: Long 10000,factor: Double 2.0,shouldRetry: (Throwable) - Boolean { it.isRetryable() },block: suspend () - T
): T {var currentDelay initialDelayrepeat(times - 1) {try {return block()} catch (e: Exception) {if (!shouldRetry(e)) throw edelay(currentDelay)currentDelay (currentDelay * factor).toLong().coerceAtMost(maxDelay)}}return block()
}private fun Throwable.isRetryable(): Boolean {return this is IOException || this is TimeoutException
}
Flow增强
fun T FlowT.collectSafely(scope: CoroutineScope,onEach: (T) - Unit,onError: (Throwable) - Unit { e -Log.e(FlowError, Collect error, e)},onComplete: () - Unit {}
): Job {return scope.safeLaunch {thiscollectSafely.catch { onError(it) }.onCompletion { onComplete() }.collect { onEach(it) }}
}
三、框架使用指南
3.1 基础使用
val coroutineFramework CoroutineFramework()class MyViewModel : ViewModel() {private val _data MutableStateFlowUiStateString(UiState.Idle)val data: StateFlowUiStateString _datafun fetchData() {coroutineFramework.safeLaunch(viewModelScope) {_data.value UiState.Loadingval result retryable { apiService.getData() }_data.value UiState.Success(result)}}
}
3.2 高级场景
并行请求
suspend fun fetchUserAndPosts(userId: String): PairUser, ListPost {return coroutineScope {val userDeferred async { userRepository.getUser(userId) }val postsDeferred async { postRepository.getPosts(userId) }userDeferred.await() to postsDeferred.await()}
}
带超时的操作
fun uploadFileWithProgress(file: File) {coroutineFramework.safeLaunch(viewModelScope) {val result withTimeoutOrNull(30_000) {fileUploader.upload(file) { progress -_uploadProgress.value progress}}_uploadResult.value result ?: throw TimeoutException()}
}
四、性能优化建议 线程池优化 val customDispatcher Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4).asCoroutineDispatcher() Flow背压处理 flow.buffer(10).conflate() 内存泄漏防护 class MyFragment : Fragment() {private val job Job()private val scope CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Main job)override fun onDestroy() {super.onDestroy()job.cancel()}
}
五、框架扩展点
自定义异常处理
val framework CoroutineFramework(Config(defaultErrorHandler { e -when (e) {is NetworkException - showNetworkError()is ServerException - showServerError()else - showGenericError()}})
)
日志监控
class CoroutineMonitor : AbstractCoroutineContextElement(CoroutineMonitor) {companion object Key : CoroutineContext.KeyCoroutineMonitoroverride fun T interceptContinuation(continuation: ContinuationT) MonitoringContinuation(continuation)
}// 使用示例
scope.launch(Dispatchers.IO CoroutineMonitor()) { ... }
六、最佳实践总结 ViewModel中使用 始终使用viewModelScope通过StateFlow管理UI状态将复杂业务逻辑拆分为多个suspend函数 UI层调用 lifecycleScope.launchWhenStarted {viewModel.data.collect { state -when (state) {is UiState.Loading - showLoading()is UiState.Success - showData(state.data)is UiState.Error - showError(state.error)}}
} 单元测试 ExperimentalCoroutinesApi
class MyViewModelTest {get:Ruleval coroutineRule MainCoroutineRule()Testfun testDataLoading() runTest {val viewModel MyViewModel()viewModel.fetchData()advanceUntilIdle()assertEquals(expectedData, viewModel.data.value)}
}
本框架经过精心设计适用于大多数Android应用项目平衡了功能丰富性和使用简便性。开发者可以根据项目需求灵活选择使用基础功能或高级特性逐步提升项目的协程使用水平。
