外贸建站注意事项,网站开发有那些费用,小说网站开发业务逻辑,教育网站建设 飞沐本文介绍JAVA如何使用STS以及签名URL临时授权访问OSS资源。
注意事项 由于STS临时账号以及签名URL均需设置有效时长#xff0c;当您使用STS临时账号生成签名URL执行相关操作#xff08;例如上传、下载文件#xff09;时#xff0c;以最小的有效时长为准。例如您的STS临时账…本文介绍JAVA如何使用STS以及签名URL临时授权访问OSS资源。
注意事项 由于STS临时账号以及签名URL均需设置有效时长当您使用STS临时账号生成签名URL执行相关操作例如上传、下载文件时以最小的有效时长为准。例如您的STS临时账号的有效时长设置为1200秒、签名URL设置为3600秒时当有效时长超过1200秒后您无法使用此STS临时账号生成的签名URL上传文件。 本文以从环境变量读取访问凭证为例。如何配置访问凭证请参见配置访问凭证。 本文以华东1杭州的外网Endpoint为例。如果您希望通过与OSS同地域的其他阿里云产品访问OSS请使用格式为https://oss-cn-hangzhou-internal.aliyuncs.com的内网Endpoint。关于OSS支持的Region与Endpoint的对应关系请参见访问域名和数据中心。 本文以使用OSS外网Endpoint新建OSSClient为例。如果您希望通过自定义域名、STS等方式新建OSSClient请参见新建OSSClient。
使用STS进行临时授权
OSS可以通过阿里云STSSecurity Token Service进行临时授权访问。阿里云STS是为云计算用户提供临时访问令牌的Web服务。通过STS您可以为第三方应用或子用户即用户身份由您自己管理的用户颁发一个自定义时效和权限的访问凭证。关于STS的更多信息请参见STS介绍。
STS的优势如下 您无需透露您的长期密钥AccessKey给第三方应用只需生成一个访问令牌并将令牌交给第三方应用。您可以自定义这个令牌的访问权限及有效期限。 您无需关心权限撤销问题访问令牌过期后自动失效。
通过STS临时授权访问OSS的步骤如下 获取临时访问凭证 临时访问凭证包括临时访问密钥AccessKey ID和AccessKey Secret和安全令牌SecurityToken。临时访问凭证有效时间单位为秒最小值为900最大值以当前角色设定的最大会话时间为准。更多信息请参见设置RAM角色最大会话时间。 您可以通过以下两种方式获取临时访问凭证。 方式一 通过调用STS服务的AssumeRole接口获取临时访问凭证。 方式二 通过各语言STS SDK获取临时访问凭证。 使用STS临时授权上传和下载文件。 import com.aliyun.oss.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.GetObjectRequest;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectRequest;
import java.io.File;public class Demo {public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {// 以华东1杭州的外网Endpoint为例其它Region请按实际情况填写。String endpoint https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com;// 从环境变量中获取从STS服务请求返回的临时访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID、OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET以及OSS_SESSION_TOKEN。EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();// 填写Bucket名称例如examplebucket。String bucketName examplebucket;// 填写Object完整路径例如exampleobject.txt。Object完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。String objectName exampleobject.txt;// 填写本地文件完整路径。String pathName D:\\localpath\\examplefile.txt;// 从STS服务获取临时访问凭证后您可以通过临时访问密钥和安全令牌生成OSSClient。// 创建OSSClient实例。OSS ossClient new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);try { // 上传文件此处以上传本地文件为例。 PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest new PutObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName, new File(pathName));ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);// 下载OSS文件到本地文件。如果指定的本地文件存在则覆盖不存在则新建。 //ossClient.getObject(new GetObjectRequest(bucketName, objectName), new File(pathName));} catch (OSSException oe) {System.out.println(Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, but was rejected with an error response for some reason.);System.out.println(Error Message: oe.getErrorMessage());System.out.println(Error Code: oe.getErrorCode());System.out.println(Request ID: oe.getRequestId());System.out.println(Host ID: oe.getHostId());} catch (ClientException ce) {System.out.println(Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, such as not being able to access the network.);System.out.println(Error Message: ce.getMessage());} finally {if (ossClient ! null) {ossClient.shutdown();}}}
}
使用签名URL进行临时授权
注意事项 生成签名URL过程中SDK利用本地存储的密钥信息根据特定算法计算出签名signature然后将其附加到URL上以确保URL的有效性和安全性。这一系列计算和构造URL的操作都是在客户端完成不涉及网络请求到服务端。因此生成签名URL时不需要授予调用者特定权限。但是为避免第三方用户无法对签名URL授权的资源执行相关操作需要确保调用生成签名URL接口的身份主体被授予对应的权限。 例如通过签名URL上传文件时需要授予oss:PutObject权限。通过签名URL下载或预览文件时需要授予oss:GetObject权限。 您可以将生成的签名URL提供给访客进行临时访问。生成签名URL时您可以自定义URL的过期时间来限制访客的访问时长。 如果需要生成HTTPS协议的签名URL请将Endpoint中的通信协议设置为HTTPS。 通过以下示例生成的签名URL中如果包含特殊符号可能出现无法正常访问该签名URL的现象。如需正常访问该签名URL请将签名URL中的替换为%2B。
以下是使用签名URL临时授权的常见示例。
生成以GET方法访问的签名URL
以下代码用于生成以GET方法访问的签名URL。 import com.aliyun.oss.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Date;public class Demo {public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {// 以华东1杭州的外网Endpoint为例其它Region请按实际情况填写。String endpoint https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com;// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();// 填写Bucket名称例如examplebucket。String bucketName examplebucket;// 填写Object完整路径例如exampleobject.txt。Object完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。String objectName exampleobject.txt;// 创建OSSClient实例。OSS ossClient new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);try {// 设置签名URL过期时间单位为毫秒。本示例以设置过期时间为1小时为例。Date expiration new Date(new Date().getTime() 3600 * 1000L);// 生成以GET方法访问的签名URL访客可以直接通过浏览器访问相关内容。URL url ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(bucketName, objectName, expiration);System.out.println(url);} catch (OSSException oe) {System.out.println(Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, but was rejected with an error response for some reason.);System.out.println(Error Message: oe.getErrorMessage());System.out.println(Error Code: oe.getErrorCode());System.out.println(Request ID: oe.getRequestId());System.out.println(Host ID: oe.getHostId());} catch (ClientException ce) {System.out.println(Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, such as not being able to access the network.);System.out.println(Error Message: ce.getMessage());} finally {if (ossClient ! null) {ossClient.shutdown();}}}
}
生成以其他HTTP方法访问的签名URL
如果您要授权其他用户临时执行其他操作例如上传、删除文件等需要生成对应的签名URL例如生成以PUT方法访问的签名URL来上传文件。
以下代码用于生成以其他HTTP方法访问的签名URL。 import com.aliyun.oss.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.utils.HttpHeaders;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.GeneratePresignedUrlRequest;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Date;import static com.aliyun.oss.internal.OSSHeaders.OSS_USER_METADATA_PREFIX;public class Demo {public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {// 以华东1杭州的外网Endpoint为例其它Region请按实际情况填写。String endpoint https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com;// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();// 填写Bucket名称例如examplebucket。String bucketName examplebucket;// 填写Object完整路径例如exampleobject.txt。Object完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。String objectName exampleobject.txt;// 创建OSSClient实例。OSS ossClient new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);try {GeneratePresignedUrlRequest request new GeneratePresignedUrlRequest(bucketName, objectName, HttpMethod.PUT);// 设置签名URL过期时间单位为毫秒。本示例以设置过期时间为1小时为例。Date expiration new Date(new Date().getTime() 3600 * 1000L);request.setExpiration(expiration);// 设置ContentType。request.setContentType(text/plain);// 设置自定义元数据。request.addUserMetadata(author, aliy);// 生成签名URL。URL signedUrl ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(request);System.out.println(signedUrl);MapString, String requestHeaders new HashMapString, String();// 设置ContentType必须和生成签名URL时设置的ContentType一致。requestHeaders.put(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE, text/plain);// 设置自定义元数据。requestHeaders.put(OSS_USER_METADATA_PREFIX author, aliy);// 使用签名URL上传文件。ossClient.putObject(signedUrl, new ByteArrayInputStream(Hello OSS.getBytes()), -1, requestHeaders, true);} catch (OSSException oe) {System.out.println(Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, but was rejected with an error response for some reason.);System.out.println(Error Message: oe.getErrorMessage());System.out.println(Error Code: oe.getErrorCode());System.out.println(Request ID: oe.getRequestId());System.out.println(Host ID: oe.getHostId());} catch (ClientException ce) {System.out.println(Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, such as not being able to access the network.);System.out.println(Error Message: ce.getMessage());} finally {if (ossClient ! null) {ossClient.shutdown();}}}
}
通过传入HttpMethod.PUT参数访客可以使用生成的签名URL上传文件。
生成带有指定参数的签名URL 生成带有指定参数的签名URL 以下代码用于生成带有指定参数的签名URL。 import com.aliyun.oss.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.GeneratePresignedUrlRequest;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Date;public class Demo {public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {// 以华东1杭州的外网Endpoint为例其它Region请按实际情况填写。String endpoint https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com;// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();// 填写Bucket名称例如examplebucket。String bucketName examplebucket;// 填写Object完整路径例如exampleobject.txt。Object完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。String objectName exampleobject.txt;// 创建OSSClient实例。OSS ossClient new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);try {// 创建请求。GeneratePresignedUrlRequest generatePresignedUrlRequest new GeneratePresignedUrlRequest(bucketName, objectName);// 设置HttpMethod为PUT。generatePresignedUrlRequest.setMethod(HttpMethod.PUT);// 添加用户自定义元数据。generatePresignedUrlRequest.addUserMetadata(author, baymax);// 设置ContentType。generatePresignedUrlRequest.setContentType(application/txt);// 设置签名URL过期时间单位为毫秒。本示例以设置过期时间为1小时为例。Date expiration new Date(new Date().getTime() 3600 * 1000L);generatePresignedUrlRequest.setExpiration(expiration);// 生成签名URL。URL url ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(generatePresignedUrlRequest);System.out.println(url);} catch (OSSException oe) {System.out.println(Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, but was rejected with an error response for some reason.);System.out.println(Error Message: oe.getErrorMessage());System.out.println(Error Code: oe.getErrorCode());System.out.println(Request ID: oe.getRequestId());System.out.println(Host ID: oe.getHostId());} catch (ClientException ce) {System.out.println(Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, such as not being able to access the network.);System.out.println(Error Message: ce.getMessage());} finally {if (ossClient ! null) {ossClient.shutdown();}}}
} 生成带有versionId的签名URL 以下代码用于生成带有versionId的签名URL。 import com.aliyun.oss.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.GeneratePresignedUrlRequest;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Date;public class Demo {public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {// 以华东1杭州的外网Endpoint为例其它Region请按实际情况填写。String endpoint https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com;// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();// 填写Bucket名称例如examplebucket。String bucketName examplebucket;// 填写Object完整路径例如exampleobject.txt。Object完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。String objectName exampleobject.txt;// 填写Object的versionId。String versionId CAEQARiBgID8rumR2hYiIGUyOTAyZGY2MzU5MjQ5ZjlhYzQzZjNlYTAyZDE3****;// 创建OSSClient实例。OSS ossClient new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);try {// 创建请求。GeneratePresignedUrlRequest generatePresignedUrlRequest new GeneratePresignedUrlRequest(bucketName, objectName);// 设置HttpMethod为GET。generatePresignedUrlRequest.setMethod(HttpMethod.GET);// 设置签名URL过期时间单位为毫秒。本示例以设置过期时间为1小时为例。Date expiration new Date(new Date().getTime() 3600 * 1000L);generatePresignedUrlRequest.setExpiration(expiration);// Object的versionId。MapString, String queryParam new HashMapString, String();queryParam.put(versionId, versionId);generatePresignedUrlRequest.setQueryParameter(queryParam);// 生成签名URL。URL url ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(generatePresignedUrlRequest);System.out.println(url);} catch (OSSException oe) {System.out.println(Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, but was rejected with an error response for some reason.);System.out.println(Error Message: oe.getErrorMessage());System.out.println(Error Code: oe.getErrorCode());System.out.println(Request ID: oe.getRequestId());System.out.println(Host ID: oe.getHostId());} catch (ClientException ce) {System.out.println(Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, such as not being able to access the network.);System.out.println(Error Message: ce.getMessage());} finally {if (ossClient ! null) {ossClient.shutdown();}}}
}
使用签名URL临时授权上传或下载文件 使用签名URL上传文件 以下代码用于生成上传的签名URL并使用签名URL临时授权简单上传文件。 说明 您也可以先生成签名URL后再通过该URL临时授权简单上传文件。关于如何生成签名URL请参见URL签名。 import com.aliyun.oss.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.internal.OSSHeaders;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.GeneratePresignedUrlRequest;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.StorageClass;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
import org.apache.http.entity.FileEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Date;public class Demo {public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {// 以华东1杭州的外网Endpoint为例其它Region请按实际情况填写。String endpoint https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com;// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();// 填写Bucket名称例如examplebucket。String bucketName examplebucket;// 填写Object完整路径例如exampleobject.txt。Object完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。String objectName exampleobject.txt;// 填写本地文件的完整路径。如果未指定本地路径则默认从示例程序所属项目对应本地路径中上传文件。String pathName D:\\localpath\\examplefile.txt;// 创建OSSClient实例OSS ossClient new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);// 设置请求头。MapString, String headers new HashMapString, String();/*// 指定Object的存储类型。headers.put(OSSHeaders.STORAGE_CLASS, StorageClass.Standard.toString());// 指定ContentType。headers.put(OSSHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE, text/txt);*/// 设置用户自定义元数据。MapString, String userMetadata new HashMapString, String();/*userMetadata.put(key1,value1);userMetadata.put(key2,value2);*/URL signedUrl null;try {// 指定生成的签名URL过期时间单位为毫秒。本示例以设置过期时间为1小时为例。Date expiration new Date(new Date().getTime() 3600 * 1000L);// 生成签名URL。GeneratePresignedUrlRequest request new GeneratePresignedUrlRequest(bucketName, objectName, HttpMethod.PUT);// 设置过期时间。request.setExpiration(expiration);// 将请求头加入到request中。request.setHeaders(headers);// 添加用户自定义元数据。request.setUserMetadata(userMetadata);// 通过HTTP PUT请求生成签名URL。signedUrl ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(request);// 打印签名URL。System.out.println(signed url for putObject: signedUrl);} catch (OSSException oe) {System.out.println(Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, but was rejected with an error response for some reason.);System.out.println(Error Message: oe.getErrorMessage());System.out.println(Error Code: oe.getErrorCode());System.out.println(Request ID: oe.getRequestId());System.out.println(Host ID: oe.getHostId());} catch (ClientException ce) {System.out.println(Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, such as not being able to access the network.);System.out.println(Error Message: ce.getMessage());}// 通过签名URL临时授权简单上传文件以HttpClients为例说明。putObjectWithHttp(signedUrl, pathName, headers, userMetadata);}public static void putObjectWithHttp(URL signedUrl, String pathName, MapString, String headers, MapString, String userMetadata) throws IOException {CloseableHttpClient httpClient null;CloseableHttpResponse response null;try {HttpPut put new HttpPut(signedUrl.toString());HttpEntity entity new FileEntity(new File(pathName));put.setEntity(entity);// 如果生成签名URL时设置了header参数例如用户元数据存储类型等则调用签名URL上传文件时也需要将这些参数发送至服务端。如果签名和发送至服务端的不一致会报签名错误。for(Map.Entry header: headers.entrySet()){put.addHeader(header.getKey().toString(),header.getValue().toString());}for(Map.Entry meta: userMetadata.entrySet()){// 如果使用userMetasdk内部会为userMeta拼接x-oss-meta-前缀。当您使用其他方式生成签名URL进行上传时userMeta也需要拼接x-oss-meta-前缀。put.addHeader(x-oss-meta-meta.getKey().toString(), meta.getValue().toString());}httpClient HttpClients.createDefault();response httpClient.execute(put);System.out.println(返回上传状态码response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() 200){System.out.println(使用网络库上传成功);}System.out.println(response.toString());} catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();} finally {response.close();httpClient.close();}}
} 使用签名URL临时授权分片上传 当您希望使用签名URL以分片上传的方式上传大文件到OSS时您需要先初始化分片上传然后把每一个分片生成一个对应的上传签名URL并返回给第三方应用。第三方应用可以使用这些签名URL上传所有的分片信息然后合并分片来达到通过签名URL实现分片上传的目的。 以下代码用于生成分片上传的签名URL并使用签名URL临时授权分片上传。 import com.aliyun.oss.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.comm.io.BoundedInputStream;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.utils.BinaryUtil;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.utils.CRC64;
import com.aliyun.oss.internal.OSSHeaders;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.*;
import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
import org.apache.http.entity.BufferedHttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.InputStreamEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.zip.CheckedInputStream;public class SignUrlMultipart {public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {// 以华东1杭州的外网Endpoint为例其它Region请按实际情况填写。String endpoint https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com;// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();// 填写Bucket名称例如examplebucket。String bucketName examplebucket;// 填写Object完整路径例如exampleobject.txt。Object完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。String objectName exampleobject.txt;// 填写本地文件的完整路径。如果未指定本地路径则默认从示例程序所属项目对应本地路径中上传文件。String pathName D:\\localpath\\examplefile.txt;// 指定生成的签名URL过期时间单位为毫秒。本示例以设置过期时间为1小时为例。long expireTime 3600*1000L;// 创建OSSClient实例。OSS ossClient new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);// 创建InitiateMultipartUploadRequest对象。InitiateMultipartUploadRequest initRequest new InitiateMultipartUploadRequest(bucketName, objectName);// 初始化分片。InitiateMultipartUploadResult upResult ossClient.initiateMultipartUpload(initRequest);// 返回uploadId。uploadId是分片上传事件的唯一标识。您可以根据该uploadId发起相关的操作例如取消分片上传、查询分片上传等。String uploadId upResult.getUploadId();// partETags是PartETag的集合。PartETag由分片的ETag和分片号组成。ListPartETag partETags new ArrayListPartETag();// 每个分片的大小用于计算文件有多少个分片。单位为字节。long partSize 1 * 100 * 1024L; //100kb。// 填写本地文件的完整路径。如果未指定本地路径则默认从示例程序所属项目对应本地路径中上传文件。File sampleFile new File(pathName);long fileLength sampleFile.length();// 如果希望设置为1个分片可以将分片大小设置为文件大小。// long fileLength sampleFile.length();int partCount (int) (fileLength / partSize);if (fileLength % partSize ! 0) {partCount;}// 设置签名URL的请求头。MapString, String headers new HashMapString, String();/*// 指定Object的存储类型。headers.put(OSSHeaders.STORAGE_CLASS, StorageClass.Standard.toString());// 指定ContentType。headers.put(OSSHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE, text/txt);*/// 遍历分片获取分片签名并上传分片。// 您还可以一次返回所有分片的签名URL然后依次上传。此处以返回单个签名URL并通过签名URL上传单个分片为例。for (int i 0; i partCount; i) {long startPos i * partSize;long curPartSize (i 1 partCount) ? (fileLength - startPos) : partSize;/*// 设置md5校验只支持对单个分片进行md5校验FileInputStream inStream new FileInputStream(pathName);// 跳过已经上传的分片。inStream.skip(startPos);BoundedInputStream entity new BoundedInputStream(inStream, partSize);String md5 BinaryUtil.toBase64String(DigestUtils.md5(entity));headers.put(Content-MD5, md5);*/String signUrl getSignUrl(ossClient, bucketName, objectName, HttpMethod.PUT, expireTime, i 1, uploadId, headers);// 通过签名URL上传文件以HttpClients为例说明。putObjectWithHttp(signUrl, pathName, startPos, curPartSize, headers);}// 假设合并分片时与上传分片不在同一个系统。此时您需要先列举分片然后再合并分片。// 列举已上传的分片。ListPartsRequest listPartsRequest new ListPartsRequest(bucketName, objectName, uploadId);PartListing partListing ossClient.listParts(listPartsRequest);// 遍历分片并填充partETags。for (PartSummary part : partListing.getParts()) {PartETag partETag new PartETag(part.getPartNumber(), part.getETag());partETags.add(partETag);}// 合并分片。CompleteMultipartUploadRequest completeMultipartUploadRequest new CompleteMultipartUploadRequest(bucketName, objectName, uploadId, partETags);// String md5 BinaryUtil.toBase64String(BinaryUtil.calculateMd5(aaa.getBytes()));// 设置禁止覆盖同名文件。// completeMultipartUploadRequest.addHeader(x-oss-forbid-overwrite, true);// 完成分片上传。CompleteMultipartUploadResult completeMultipartUploadResult ossClient.completeMultipartUpload(completeMultipartUploadRequest);System.out.println(合并分片成功上传分片完成。);// 校验整体上传文件是否完整CRC64 crc new CRC64();InputStream inStream new FileInputStream(pathName);byte[] bytes new byte[1024];int cnt;while ((cnt inStream.read(bytes)) ! -1) {crc.update(bytes, 0, cnt);}if(crc.getValue() completeMultipartUploadResult.getServerCRC()){System.out.println(上传文件完整);} else {System.out.println(上传文件不完整请做异常处理);}}public static void putObjectWithHttp(String signedUrl, String pathName, long startPos, long partSize, MapString, String headers) throws IOException {CloseableHttpClient httpClient null;CloseableHttpResponse response null;try {HttpPut put new HttpPut(signedUrl);FileInputStream inStream new FileInputStream(pathName);// 跳过已经上传的分片。inStream.skip(startPos);InputStreamEntity entity new InputStreamEntity(inStream, partSize);BufferedHttpEntity byteArrayEntity new BufferedHttpEntity(entity);put.setEntity(byteArrayEntity);// 如果生成签名URL时设置了header参数例如用户元数据存储类型等则调用签名URL上传文件时也需要将这些参数发送至服务端。如果签名和发送至服务端的不一致会报签名错误。for(Map.Entry header: headers.entrySet()){put.addHeader(header.getKey().toString(),header.getValue().toString());}// 加入重试设置为重试3次。这里仅为举例业务代码根据需要自行设置重试httpClient HttpClients.custom().setRetryHandler(new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler(3, true)).build();response httpClient.execute(put);System.out.println(返回上传状态码response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() 200){System.out.println(使用网络库上传成功);}System.out.println(response.toString());} catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();} finally {if(response ! null){response.close();}if(httpClient ! null){httpClient.close();}}}public static String getSignUrl(OSS ossClient, String bucketName, String objectName, HttpMethod method, long expireTime, int partNum, String uploadId, MapString, String headers){// 指定生成的签名URL过期时间单位为毫秒。Date expiration new Date(new Date().getTime() expireTime);// 生成签名URL。GeneratePresignedUrlRequest request new GeneratePresignedUrlRequest(bucketName, objectName, method);// 设置过期时间。request.setExpiration(expiration);// 将请求头加入到request中。request.setHeaders(headers);request.addQueryParameter(partNumber, String.valueOf(partNum));request.addQueryParameter(uploadId, uploadId);// 通过HTTP Method请求生成签名URL。URL signedUrl ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(request);// 打印签名URL。System.out.println(signed url: signedUrl);return signedUrl.toString();}
} 使用签名URL临时授权下载文件 以下代码用于生成下载的签名URL并使用签名URL临时授权下载文件。 import com.aliyun.oss.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.auth.*;
import com.aliyun.oss.internal.OSSHeaders;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.GeneratePresignedUrlRequest;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.StorageClass;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Date;public class Demo {public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {// 以华东1杭州的外网Endpoint为例其它Region请按实际情况填写。String endpoint https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com;// 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();// 填写Bucket名称例如examplebucket。String bucketName examplebucket;// 填写Object完整路径例如exampleobject.txt。Object完整路径中不能包含Bucket名称。String objectName exampleobject.txt;// 填写下载到本地文件的完整路径。String pathName D:\\localpath\\examplefile.txt;// 创建OSSClient实例。OSS ossClient new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, credentialsProvider);// 设置请求头。MapString, String headers new HashMapString, String();/*// 指定Object的存储类型。headers.put(OSSHeaders.STORAGE_CLASS, StorageClass.Standard.toString());// 指定ContentType。headers.put(OSSHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE, text/txt);*/// 设置用户自定义元数据。MapString, String userMetadata new HashMapString, String();/*userMetadata.put(key1,value1);userMetadata.put(key2,value2);*/URL signedUrl null;try {// 指定生成的签名URL过期时间单位为毫秒。本示例以设置过期时间为1小时为例。Date expiration new Date(new Date().getTime() 3600 * 1000L);// 生成签名URL。GeneratePresignedUrlRequest request new GeneratePresignedUrlRequest(bucketName, objectName, HttpMethod.GET);// 设置过期时间。request.setExpiration(expiration);// 将请求头加入到request中。request.setHeaders(headers);// 添加用户自定义元数据。request.setUserMetadata(userMetadata);// 设置查询参数。// MapString, String queryParam new HashMapString, String();// 指定IP地址或者IP地址段对应日志中sourceIpFromSource的值。// queryParam.put(x-oss-ac-source-ip,192.0.2.0);// 将子网掩码转换为二进制然后填写转换结果中1的数量。// queryParam.put(x-oss-ac-subnet-mask,32);// 指定VPC ID。// queryParam.put(x-oss-ac-vpc-id,vpc-12345678);// 指定是否允许转发请求。// queryParam.put(x-oss-ac-forward-allow,true);// request.setQueryParameter(queryParam);// 设置单链接限速单位为bit例如限速100 KB/s。// request.setTrafficLimit(100 * 1024 * 8);// 通过HTTP GET请求生成签名URL。signedUrl ossClient.generatePresignedUrl(request);// 打印签名URL。System.out.println(signed url for putObject: signedUrl);} catch (OSSException oe) {System.out.println(Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, but was rejected with an error response for some reason.);System.out.println(Error Message: oe.getErrorMessage());System.out.println(Error Code: oe.getErrorCode());System.out.println(Request ID: oe.getRequestId());System.out.println(Host ID: oe.getHostId());} catch (ClientException ce) {System.out.println(Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, such as not being able to access the network.);System.out.println(Error Message: ce.getMessage());}// 通过签名URL下载文件以HttpClients为例说明。getObjectWithHttp(signedUrl, pathName, headers, userMetadata);}public static void getObjectWithHttp(URL signedUrl, String pathName, MapString, String headers, MapString, String userMetadata) throws IOException {CloseableHttpClient httpClient null;CloseableHttpResponse response null;try {HttpGet get new HttpGet(signedUrl.toString());// 如果生成签名URL时设置了header参数例如用户元数据存储类型等则调用签名URL下载文件时也需要将这些参数发送至服务端。如果签名和发送至服务端的不一致会报签名错误。for(Map.Entry header: headers.entrySet()){get.addHeader(header.getKey().toString(),header.getValue().toString());}for(Map.Entry meta: userMetadata.entrySet()){// 如果使用userMetasdk内部会为userMeta拼接x-oss-meta-前缀。当您使用其他方式生成签名URL进行下载时userMeta也需要拼接x-oss-meta-前缀。get.addHeader(x-oss-meta-meta.getKey().toString(), meta.getValue().toString());}httpClient HttpClients.createDefault();response httpClient.execute(get);System.out.println(返回下载状态码response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() 200){System.out.println(使用网络库下载成功);}System.out.println(response.toString());// 保存文件到磁盘。saveFileToLocally(response.getEntity().getContent(), pathName);} catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();} finally {response.close();httpClient.close();}}public static void saveFileToLocally(InputStream inputStream, String pathName) throws IOException {DataInputStream in null;OutputStream out null;try {in new DataInputStream(inputStream);out new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(pathName));int bytes 0;byte[] bufferOut new byte[1024];while ((bytes in.read(bufferOut)) ! -1) {out.write(bufferOut, 0, bytes);}} catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();} finally {in.close();out.close();}}
}
常见问题
使用临时签名进行文件上传时在上传过程中签名过期了上传中的文件会失败吗
简单上传时不会失败。
如果是分片上传上传过程中签名过期了可能影响其余分片的上传。
