seo建网站,如何自己开公众号,渗透wordpress论坛,电子商务网站建设技能实训答案搭建单步调试bcache的环境#xff0c;/dev/sdb作为backing dev#xff0c; /dev/sdc作为cache dev。
一、宿主机环境
1#xff09;安装ubuntu 20.04 #xff1a;
参考ubuntu20.04 搭建kernel调试环境第一篇--安装系统_ubuntu kernel-CSDN博客安装#xff0c;其中的第六…搭建单步调试bcache的环境/dev/sdb作为backing dev /dev/sdc作为cache dev。
一、宿主机环境
1安装ubuntu 20.04
参考ubuntu20.04 搭建kernel调试环境第一篇--安装系统_ubuntu kernel-CSDN博客安装其中的第六节安装qemu、第七节安装apache服务安装完成即可。
2配置网络
hostubuntu系统和guestqemu运行的系统待调试之间需共享文件所以需要配置网络。
参考ubuntu20.04 搭建kernel调试环境第六篇上--网络配置_ubuntu20 menuconfig-CSDN博客按其中的第三节ubuntu宿主机配置步骤、第4节buildroot配置、第五节启动虚拟机配置最终能ping通外网就行。
二、静态编译bcache-tools工具
guest运行的kernel是我们自己编译的busybox只支持一些简单的命令动态库也很少所以无法使用apt-get install bcache-tools方式安装bcache的用户态工具。需要自己下载源码然后用静态方式编译出可执行文件。
1git下载bcache-tools源码 git clone https://github.com/g2p/bcache-tools.git
2) Makefile改成静态编译 rootlinux:/home/gsf/code/bcache-tool-git/bcache-tools# git diff Makefile diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile index c824ae3..ccea7ee 100644 --- a/Makefile b/Makefile -3,7 3,8 PREFIX/usr UDEVLIBDIR/lib/udev DRACUTLIBDIR/lib/dracut INSTALLinstall -CFLAGS-O2 -Wall -g CFLAGS-O2 -Wall -g -static
3编译bcache-tools rootlinux:/home/gsf/code/bcache-tool-git/bcache-tools# make rootlinux:/home/gsf/code/bcache-tool-git/bcache-tools# make installinstall -m0755 make-bcache bcache-super-show /usr/sbin/ 关注这一行中的两个文件 install -m0755 probe-bcache bcache-register /lib/udev/ install -m0644 69-bcache.rules /lib/udev/rules.d/ install -m0644 -- *.8 /usr/share/man/man8/ install -D -m0755 initramfs/hook /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/bcache install -D -m0755 initcpio/install /usr/lib/initcpio/install/bcache install -D -m0755 dracut/module-setup.sh /lib/dracut/modules.d/90bcache/module-setup.sh
可能遇到的错误1
Perhaps you should add the directory containing uuid.pc to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable No package uuid found Package blkid was not found in the pkg-config search path. Perhaps you should add the directory containing blkid.pc to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable No package blkid foundmake-bcache.c:11:10: fatal error: blkid.h: No such file or directory 11 | #include blkid.h | ^~~~~~~~~
解决apt-get install libblkid-dev
可能遇到的错误2
rootlinux:/home/gsf/code/bcache-tools/bcache-tools-master# make cc -O2 -Wall -g pkg-config --cflags uuid blkid make-bcache.c bcache.o pkg-config --libs uuid blkid -o make-bcache /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccsteIC1.o: in function write_sb:/home/gsf/code/bcache-tools/bcache-tools-master/make-bcache.c:277: undefined reference to crc64 collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [builtin: make-bcache] Error 1
解决源码bcache.c中的crc_table数组、crc64函数复制一份放在bcache.h前面。
三、kernel编译
在编译kernel前需通过make menuconfig打开以下选项 * Block device as cache [*] Bcache debugging kernel编译参考
ubuntu20.04 搭建kernel调试环境第三篇--kernel编译及运行_在qemu中运行f2fs-CSDN博客
四、qemu启动guest系统
以下命令在host即ubuntu中执行
1生成cache盘img大小3G
rootlinux:/home/gsf/linux-5.18.11# qemu-img create -f raw disk_raw_3G_C.qcow 3G
2生成backing盘img大小5G
qemu-img create -f raw disk_raw_5G_B.qcow 5G
3生成用于测试nvme的img
qemu-img create -f raw disk10G.qcow 5G
3启动guest系统
rootlinux:/home/gsf/linux-5.18.11# qemu-system-x86_64 -kernel arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage -drive filerootfs.f2fs,ifide,formatraw,idmyid0 --nographic -append root/dev/sda consolettyS0 -hdb disk_raw_5G_B.qcow -hdc disk_raw_3G_C.qcow -device nvme,drivenvme1,serialdeadbeaf,num_queues8 -drive filedisk10G.qcow,ifnone,idnvme1 -smp 4 -net nic,macaddr52:54:00:12:34:56,modele1000 -net bridge,idnet0,helper/usr/lib/qemu/qemu-bridge-helper,brvirbr0
红色字段创建/dev/sdb在guest起来后该设备会格式化成backing dev
蓝色字段创建/dev/sdc在guest起来后该设备会格式化成cache dev
黄色字段创建/dev/nvme0作为nvme测试使用bcache用不到。
guest系统启动后输入root登录dev文件如下 # ls /dev guest中执行的命令 cpu_dma_latency sda tty26 tty56 fd sda1 tty27 tty57 full sdb tty28 tty58 ---sdb fuse sdc tty29 tty59 ---sdc nvme0 tty17 tty47 vcsu1 nvme0n1 tty18 tty48 vga_arbiter nvme0n1p1 tty19 tty49 zero
五、拷贝bcache-tools到guset系统
1将make-bcache拷贝到guest中
host系统中执行
rootlinux:/var/www/html# cp /usr/sbin/make-bcache ./
rootlinux:/var/www/html# cp /usr/sbin/bcache-super-show ./
host系统中执行
rootlinux:/home/gsf# ifconfig
找到virbr0的ip地址比如
virbr0: flags4163UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST mtu 1500 inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255 ether 52:54:00:5e:c9:bb txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 299 bytes 25524 (25.5 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 431 bytes 1335005 (1.3 MB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
guest系统中执行 # wget http://192.168.122.1/make-bcache 上面ifconfig看到的ip地址 Connecting to 192.168.122.1 (192.168.122.1:80) saving to make-bcache make-bcache 100% |********************************| 1273k 0:00:00 ETA make-bcache saved # wget http://192.168.122.1/bcache-super-show Connecting to 192.168.122.1 (192.168.122.1:80) saving to bcache-super-show bcache-super-show 100% |********************************| 908k 0:00:00 ETA bcache-super-show saved # chmod 777 make-bcache # chmod 777 bcache-super-show # lsbcache-super-show make-bcache
六、配置bcache磁盘
以下命令在guest中执行
1格式化bcache设备 # /root/make-bcache -B /dev/sdb UUID: 3a5fa145-1cc9-44e0-b91c-1beaf245355f Set UUID: 25fceacc-0546-4c32-80d0-5c9881a1d67f version: 1 block_size: 1 data_offset: 16 # # /root/make-bcache -C /dev/sdc UUID: c66b56a8-bb3e-4d8e-9b9f-3b402cd6b258 Set UUID: fe0af6ee-67e8-49c3-bfec-5633ba05f782 version: 0 nbuckets: 6144 block_size: 1 bucket_size: 1024 nr_in_set: 1 nr_this_dev: 0 first_bucket: 1
2注册backing device # echo /dev/sdb /sys/fs/bcache/register [ 2157.866302] bcache: register_bdev() registered backing device sdb # # 命令完成后dev目录中会生成bcache0设备 # ls /dev/ autofs ptmx tty21 tty51bcache0 pts tty22 tty52 bsg random tty23 tty53
3注册cache device # echo /dev/sdc /sys/fs/bcache/register [ 146.450348] bcache: bch_journal_replay() journal replay done, 0 keys in 1 entries, seq 4 [ 146.453397] bcache: register_cache() registered cache device sdc 如果不注册cache device就执行attach命令会报下面错误 # echo fe0af6ee-67e8-49c3-bfec-5633ba05f782 /sys/block/bcache0/bcache/attach [ 114.804472] bcache: __cached_dev_store() Cant attach fe0af6ee-67e8-49c3-bfec-5633ba05f782 [ 114.804472] : cache set not found sh: write error: No such file or directory
4绑定backing dev到cache dev上
格式化的时候/dev/sdb格式化成了backing dev /dev/sdc格式化成了cache dev通过bcache-super-show找到cache dev的cset.uuid值。 # /root/bcache-super-show /dev/sdc sb.magic ok sb.first_sector 8 [match] sb.csum 5E71456A3E5F13A8 [match] sb.version 3 [cache device] dev.label (empty) dev.uuid c66b56a8-bb3e-4d8e-9b9f-3b402cd6b258 dev.sectors_per_block 1 dev.sectors_per_bucket 1024 dev.cache.first_sector 1024 dev.cache.cache_sectors 6290432 dev.cache.total_sectors 6291456 dev.cache.ordered yes dev.cache.discard no dev.cache.pos 0 dev.cache.replacement 0 [lru] cset.uuid fe0af6ee-67e8-49c3-bfec-5633ba05f782 该值用于写入backing dev的attach文件中
执行绑定指令 # echo fe0af6ee-67e8-49c3-bfec-5633ba05f782 /sys/block/bcache0/bcache/attach [ 151.527075] bcache: bch_cached_dev_run() cached dev sdb is running already [ 151.528160] bcache: bch_cached_dev_attach() Caching sdb as bcache0 on set fe0af6ee-67e8-49c3-bfec-5633ba05f782
5backing dev格式化成具体的文件系统比如f2fs # mkfs.f2fs /dev/bcache0 F2FS-tools: mkfs.f2fs Ver: 1.13.0 (2019-09-24) Info: Disable heap-based policy Info: Debug level 0 Info: Trim is enabled Info: [/dev/bcache0] Disk Model: QEMU HARDDISK Info: Segments per section 1 Info: Sections per zone 1 Info: sector size 512 Info: total sectors 10485744 (5119 MB) Info: zone aligned segment0 blkaddr: 512 Info: format version with Linux version 5.18.11-g50a65f78b667 (rootlinux) (gcc (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.2) 9.4.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.34) #20 SM Info: [/dev/bcache0] Discarding device Info: This device doesnt support BLKSECDISCARD Info: Discarded 5119 MB Info: Overprovision ratio 2.810% Info: Overprovision segments 148 (GC reserved 79) Info: format successful [ 1491.536112] mkfs.f2fs (194) used greatest stack depth: 13264 bytes left
6挂载/dev/bcache0 # mkdir /mnt/bcachemp 创建一个目录用于挂载/dev/bcache0 # mount /dev/bcache0 /mnt/bcachemp [ 1672.244480] F2FS-fs (bcache0): Found nat_bits in checkpoint [ 1672.366811] F2FS-fs (bcache0): Mounted with checkpoint version 19642f45 [ 1672.371205] mount (196) used greatest stack depth: 13144 bytes left # df -h Filesystem Size Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/root 98.0M 74.5M 23.5M 76% / devtmpfs 44.9M 0 44.9M 0% /dev tmpfs 46.8M 0 46.8M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 46.8M 52.0K 46.7M 0% /tmp tmpfs 46.8M 20.0K 46.8M 0% /run /dev/nvme0n1p1 10.0G 3.4G 6.6G 34% /mnt/nvmemp/dev/bcache0 5.0G 340.0M 4.7G 7% /mnt/bcachemp (bcache 挂载成功
bcache设备挂载成功可通过gdb调试代码gdb调试可参考https://blog.csdn.net/geshifei/article/details/128235389 。
