教育课程网站建设,用wordpress搭建商店,网站播放图片多大合适,商业街网站建设方案自己编译运行过程中遇到的一些问题
下载Assimp已编译的lib(因为我们公司的电脑有很多权限和限制#xff0c;也不能自己安装一些没有报备的软件#xff0c;所以愁方便我就没有用cMake自己编译了)找到一位免费分享的博主的。 https://blog.csdn.net/lady_killer9/article/deta…自己编译运行过程中遇到的一些问题
下载Assimp已编译的lib(因为我们公司的电脑有很多权限和限制也不能自己安装一些没有报备的软件所以愁方便我就没有用cMake自己编译了)找到一位免费分享的博主的。 https://blog.csdn.net/lady_killer9/article/details/89429092
系统找不到zlib.dll文件的解决方法 https://blog.csdn.net/LHXvs2015/article/details/120674525 https://www.cnblogs.com/yangjinbang/p/8330786.html 下载Assimp可识别的模型地址 https://learnopengl-cn.github.io/03%20Model%20Loading/03%20Model/
现实生活中我们都是美术同学通过一些现代的绘图工具为我们导出模型来绘制建模工具会自己生成所有的顶点坐标、顶点法线和纹理坐标我们开发者就不需要去关注这些细节了。
Mesh
Mesh俗称网格一个网格代表可绘制的实体。我们自定义一个网格类 至少要包含一组顶点数据这组顶点数据应该包含顶点坐标顶点法线已经顶点的uv坐标。 一组绘制顺序索引用于EBO绑定。 一组贴图数据用于纹理映射。
#pragma once
// Std. Includes
#include string
#include fstream
#include sstream
#include iostream
#include vector
using namespace std;
// GL Includes
#include GL/glew.h // Contains all the necessery OpenGL includes
#include glm/glm.hpp
#include glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hppstruct Vertex {// Positionglm::vec3 Position;// Normalglm::vec3 Normal;// TexCoordsglm::vec2 TexCoords;
};struct Texture {GLuint id;string type;aiString path;
};class Mesh {
public: vectorVertex vertices;vectorGLuint indices;vectorTexture textures;//构造函数Mesh(vectorVertex vertices, vectorGLuint indices, vectorTexture textures){this-vertices vertices;this-indices indices;this-textures textures;// Now that we have all the required data, set the vertex buffers and its attribute pointers.this-setupMesh();}void Draw(Shader shader){ GLuint diffuseNr 1;GLuint specularNr 1; //绑定贴图与采样器for (GLuint i 0; i this-textures.size(); i){glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 i); stringstream ss;string number;string name this-textures[i].type;if (name texture_diffuse)ss diffuseNr; else if (name texture_specular)ss specularNr; number ss.str(); //保证每个uniform采样器对应着正确的纹理单元glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, (name number).c_str()), i); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, this-textures[i].id);}glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, material.shininess), 16.0f);glBindVertexArray(this-VAO);glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, this-indices.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);glBindVertexArray(0);for (GLuint i 0; i this-textures.size(); i){glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 i);glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);}}
private: GLuint VAO, VBO, EBO;//初始化各种缓冲和链接数据void setupMesh(){//初始化VAO,VBO,EBO 缓冲对象glGenVertexArrays(1, this-VAO);glGenBuffers(1, this-VBO);glGenBuffers(1, this-EBO);glBindVertexArray(this-VAO);//将顶点数据初始化至缓冲中glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, this-VBO);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, this-vertices.size() * sizeof(Vertex), this-vertices[0], GL_STATIC_DRAW);//将绘制顺序索引初始到缓冲中glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, this-EBO);glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, this-indices.size() * sizeof(GLuint), this-indices[0], GL_STATIC_DRAW); glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);//将数据链接到顶点属性告诉openGL如何解析这些数据glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(Vertex), (GLvoid*)0);glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(Vertex), (GLvoid*)offsetof(Vertex, Normal));glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);glVertexAttribPointer(2, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(Vertex), (GLvoid*)offsetof(Vertex, TexCoords));glBindVertexArray(0);}
};
模型类
现实生活中一个我们看到的模型都是由很多部位组成的也可以说成是由很多mesh组合而成的比如一张桌子是由一个桌板加四个桌脚拼成的为了方便抽象我们又封装了一层模型的类。 这个类主要就是去解析美术给我们的一个从Blender,Maya等工具导出的模型将其拆分为一个Mesh数组然后再调用Mesh类的绘制。
#pragma once
// Std. Includes
#include string
#include fstream
#include sstream
#include iostream
#include map
#include vector
using namespace std;
// GL Includes
#include GL/glew.h // Contains all the necessery OpenGL includes
#include glm/glm.hpp
#include glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp
#include SOIL.h
#include assimp/Importer.hpp
#include assimp/scene.h
#include assimp/postprocess.h#include Mesh.hGLint TextureFromFile(const char* path, string directory);class Model
{
public:/* Functions */// Constructor, expects a filepath to a 3D model.Model(string path){this-loadModel(path);}// Draws the model, and thus all its meshesvoid Draw(Shader shader){for (GLuint i 0; i this-meshes.size(); i)this-meshes[i].Draw(shader);}private:/* Model Data */vectorMesh meshes;string directory;vectorTexture textures_loaded; // Stores all the textures loaded so far, optimization to make sure textures arent loaded more than once.int mycount 0;void loadModel(string path){Assimp::Importer importer;const aiScene* scene importer.ReadFile(path, aiProcess_Triangulate | aiProcess_FlipUVs); if (!scene || scene-mFlags AI_SCENE_FLAGS_INCOMPLETE || !scene-mRootNode) // if is Not Zero{cout ERROR::ASSIMP:: importer.GetErrorString() endl;return;} this-directory path.substr(0, path.find_last_of(/));this-processNode(scene-mRootNode, scene);//printf(mesh个数: %d, mycount);}void processNode(aiNode* node, const aiScene* scene){for (GLuint i 0; i node-mNumMeshes; i){ aiMesh* mesh scene-mMeshes[node-mMeshes[i]]; this-meshes.push_back(this-processMesh(mesh, scene));} for (GLuint i 0; i node-mNumChildren; i){this-processNode(node-mChildren[i], scene);}}Mesh processMesh(aiMesh* mesh, const aiScene* scene){mycount;vectorVertex vertices;vectorGLuint indices;vectorTexture textures;for (GLuint i 0; i mesh-mNumVertices; i){Vertex vertex;glm::vec3 vector; vector.x mesh-mVertices[i].x;vector.y mesh-mVertices[i].y;vector.z mesh-mVertices[i].z;vertex.Position vector;vector.x mesh-mNormals[i].x;vector.y mesh-mNormals[i].y;vector.z mesh-mNormals[i].z;vertex.Normal vector;if (mesh-mTextureCoords[0]) {glm::vec2 vec; vec.x mesh-mTextureCoords[0][i].x;vec.y mesh-mTextureCoords[0][i].y;vertex.TexCoords vec;}elsevertex.TexCoords glm::vec2(0.0f, 0.0f);vertices.push_back(vertex);}for (GLuint i 0; i mesh-mNumFaces; i){aiFace face mesh-mFaces[i];for (GLuint j 0; j face.mNumIndices; j)indices.push_back(face.mIndices[j]);}if (mesh-mMaterialIndex 0){aiMaterial* material scene-mMaterials[mesh-mMaterialIndex]; vectorTexture diffuseMaps this-loadMaterialTextures(material, aiTextureType_DIFFUSE, texture_diffuse);textures.insert(textures.end(), diffuseMaps.begin(), diffuseMaps.end());vectorTexture specularMaps this-loadMaterialTextures(material, aiTextureType_SPECULAR, texture_specular);textures.insert(textures.end(), specularMaps.begin(), specularMaps.end());} return Mesh(vertices, indices, textures);}vectorTexture loadMaterialTextures(aiMaterial* mat, aiTextureType type, string typeName){vectorTexture textures;for (GLuint i 0; i mat-GetTextureCount(type); i){aiString str;mat-GetTexture(type, i, str); GLboolean skip false;for (GLuint j 0; j textures_loaded.size(); j){if (std::strcmp(textures_loaded[j].path.C_Str(), str.C_Str()) 0){textures.push_back(textures_loaded[j]);skip true; break;}}if (!skip){ Texture texture;texture.id TextureFromFile(str.C_Str(), this-directory);texture.type typeName;texture.path str;textures.push_back(texture);this-textures_loaded.push_back(texture); }}return textures;}
};GLint TextureFromFile(const char* path, string directory)
{ string filename string(path);filename directory / filename;GLuint textureID;glGenTextures(1, textureID);int width, height;unsigned char* image SOIL_load_image(filename.c_str(), width, height, 0, SOIL_LOAD_RGB);glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureID);glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, width, height, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, image);glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT);glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);SOIL_free_image_data(image);return textureID;
}最后就是渲染代码 cpp
// Std. Includes
#include string// GLEW
#define GLEW_STATIC
#include GL/glew.h// GLFW
#include GLFW/glfw3.h// GL includes
#include Shader.h
#include Camera.h
#include Model.h// GLM Mathemtics
#include glm/glm.hpp
#include glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp
#include glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp// Other Libs
#include SOIL.h// Properties
GLuint screenWidth 800, screenHeight 600;// Function prototypes
void key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mode);
void scroll_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xoffset, double yoffset);
void mouse_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xpos, double ypos);
void Do_Movement();const GLuint WIDTH 800, HEIGHT 600;
// Camera
glm::vec3 cameraPos glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 3.0f);
glm::vec3 cameraFront glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f);
glm::vec3 cameraUp glm::vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
GLfloat yaw -90.0f; // Yaw is initialized to -90.0 degrees since a yaw of 0.0 results in a direction vector pointing to the right (due to how Eular angles work) so we initially rotate a bit to the left.
GLfloat pitch 0.0f;
GLfloat lastX WIDTH / 2.0;
GLfloat lastY HEIGHT / 2.0;
bool keys[1024];
bool firstMouse true;GLfloat deltaTime 0.0f;
GLfloat lastFrame 0.0f;// The MAIN function, from here we start our application and run our Game loop
int main()
{// Init GLFWglfwInit();glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, GL_FALSE);GLFWwindow* window glfwCreateWindow(screenWidth, screenHeight, LearnOpenGL, nullptr, nullptr); // WindowedglfwMakeContextCurrent(window);// Set the required callback functionsglfwSetKeyCallback(window, key_callback);glfwSetCursorPosCallback(window, mouse_callback);glfwSetScrollCallback(window, scroll_callback);// OptionsglfwSetInputMode(window, GLFW_CURSOR, GLFW_CURSOR_DISABLED);// Initialize GLEW to setup the OpenGL Function pointersglewExperimental GL_TRUE;glewInit();// Define the viewport dimensionsglViewport(0, 0, screenWidth, screenHeight);// Setup some OpenGL optionsglEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);// Setup and compile our shadersShader shader(VertexShaderSource2_2_1.txt, FragmentShaderSource2_2_1.txt);// Load modelsModel ourModel(nanosuit/nanosuit.obj);// Draw in wireframe//glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);// Game loopwhile (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)){// Set frame timeGLfloat currentFrame glfwGetTime();deltaTime currentFrame - lastFrame;lastFrame currentFrame;// Check and call eventsglfwPollEvents();Do_Movement();// Clear the colorbufferglClearColor(0.05f, 0.05f, 0.05f, 1.0f);glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);shader.Use(); // -- Dont forget this one!// Transformation matricesglm::mat4 view(1);glm::mat4 projection(1);view glm::lookAt(cameraPos, cameraPos cameraFront, cameraUp);projection glm::perspective(45.0f, (GLfloat)WIDTH / (GLfloat)HEIGHT, 0.1f, 100.0f);// Get the uniform locationsglUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, projection), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(projection));glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, view), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(view));// Draw the loaded modelglm::mat4 model(1);model glm::translate(model, glm::vec3(0.0f, -1.75f, 0.0f)); // Translate it down a bit so its at the center of the scenemodel glm::scale(model, glm::vec3(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f)); // Its a bit too big for our scene, so scale it downglUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shader.Program, model), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(model));ourModel.Draw(shader);// Swap the buffersglfwSwapBuffers(window);}glfwTerminate();return 0;
}#pragma region User input// Moves/alters the camera positions based on user input
void Do_Movement()
{// Camera controlsGLfloat cameraSpeed 5.0f * deltaTime;if (keys[GLFW_KEY_W])cameraPos cameraSpeed * cameraFront;if (keys[GLFW_KEY_S])cameraPos - cameraSpeed * cameraFront;if (keys[GLFW_KEY_A])cameraPos - glm::normalize(glm::cross(cameraFront, cameraUp)) * cameraSpeed;if (keys[GLFW_KEY_D])cameraPos glm::normalize(glm::cross(cameraFront, cameraUp)) * cameraSpeed;
}// Is called whenever a key is pressed/released via GLFW
void key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mode)
{if (key GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE action GLFW_PRESS)glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, GL_TRUE);if (action GLFW_PRESS)keys[key] true;else if (action GLFW_RELEASE)keys[key] false;
}void mouse_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xpos, double ypos)
{/*if (firstMouse)
{lastX xpos;lastY ypos;firstMouse false;
}GLfloat xoffset xpos - lastX;
GLfloat yoffset lastY - ypos; // Reversed since y-coordinates go from bottom to left
lastX xpos;
lastY ypos;GLfloat sensitivity 0.05; // Change this value to your liking
xoffset * sensitivity;
yoffset * sensitivity;yaw xoffset;
pitch yoffset;// Make sure that when pitch is out of bounds, screen doesnt get flipped
if (pitch 89.0f)pitch 89.0f;
if (pitch -89.0f)pitch -89.0f;glm::vec3 front;
front.x cos(glm::radians(yaw)) * cos(glm::radians(pitch));
front.y sin(glm::radians(pitch));
front.z sin(glm::radians(yaw)) * cos(glm::radians(pitch));
cameraFront glm::normalize(front);*/
}void scroll_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xoffset, double yoffset)
{}#pragma endregion顶点着色器代码
#version 330 core
layout (location 0) in vec3 position;
layout (location 1) in vec3 normal;
layout (location 2) in vec2 texCoords;out vec2 TexCoords;uniform mat4 model;
uniform mat4 view;
uniform mat4 projection;void main()
{gl_Position projection * view * model * vec4(position, 1.0f);TexCoords texCoords;
}片段着色器代码
#version 330 corein vec2 TexCoords;out vec4 color;uniform sampler2D texture_diffuse1;void main()
{ color vec4(texture(texture_diffuse1, TexCoords));
}参考链接https://learnopengl-cn.readthedocs.io/zh/latest/03%20Model%20Loading/03%20Model/
