福州公司网站建设_,手机百度ai入口,钓鱼网站源码,10元云服务器需求#xff1a; 将两块空硬盘合并为“一块”#xff0c;挂载到指定目录#xff08;/data#xff09;下#xff0c;达到在一个目录使用2块硬盘所有空间的效果。
使用 fdisk -l 命令查看当前系统中的硬盘#xff0c;如下图#xff1a; 系统中存在两块未分配的硬盘#… 需求 将两块空硬盘合并为“一块”挂载到指定目录/data下达到在一个目录使用2块硬盘所有空间的效果。
使用 fdisk -l 命令查看当前系统中的硬盘如下图 系统中存在两块未分配的硬盘//dev/nvme0n3 和 /dev/nvme0n4共8T
现将两块硬盘合并成一块挂载到/mysqldata目录下具体方法如下
1.创建pv
pvcreate /dev/sdb (/dev/nvme0n3) # 硬盘1
pvcreate /dev/sdc (/dev/nvme0n4) # 硬盘2 2.创建vg
# vgcreate [自定义LVM名称] [硬盘]
# 先使用硬盘1创建vg:lvm_datavgcreate lvm_data /dev/sdb 3.扩展vg
# vgextend [自定义vg名称] [硬盘]
# 使用硬盘2扩展vgvgextend lvm_data /dev/sdc 4.创建lv # lvcreate -l[自定义分区大小] -n[自定义分区名称] [vg名称] # 分区大小不能超过硬盘容量总和 如创建一个10G的分区 lvcreate -l10.0G -n vg_data lvm_data
如果将两个盘全部空间分区可以使用以下方式 lvcreate -l 100%VG -n vg_data lvm_data 5.格式化分区
# mkfs -t [文件系统] [分区位置]mkfs -t ext4 /dev/lvm_data/vg_data 6.挂载分区
# mount [分区位置] [目录地址]mount /dev/lvm_data/vg_data /data 8.总结 一.pv lv vg 介绍 PV(physical volume)即物理卷,就是物理磁盘,可以通过 fdisk -l 查看操作系统有几块硬盘
VG(volume group)即卷组,就是一组物理磁盘的组合,里面可以有一块硬盘也可以有多块硬盘
LV(logical volume)及逻辑卷,就是在VG(指定的物理磁盘组)里面划分出来的
可以说成是PV就是硬盘,而VG就是管理硬盘的操作系统,而LV就是操作系统分出来的各个分区.
PV-VG-LV- 文件系统使用(挂载到某个目录)
硬盘或分区做成pv然后将pv或多个pv建立vgvg上建立lv 二.命令集合 1.PV pvcreate :根据物理盘,创建pv pvscan :查询目前系统里的pv pvdisplay:显示pv的状态 pvremove:将pv属性移除
2.VG vgcreate:创建vg vgscan:查找当前系统里面的vg vgdisplay:显示当前系统vg的状态 vgextend:给vg添加额外的pv vgreduce:在vg内删除pv vgchange:设置vg是否是启动状态(active) vgremove:删除一个vg
3.LV lvcreate:创建lv lvscan:查询当前系统的lv lvdisplay:显示lv的属性 lvextend:给lv添加容量 lvredurce:给lv减少容量 lvremove:删除一个lv lvresize:对lv大小的容量进行调整
三.实际操作 下面实际操作下,来看看
1.案例描述 从下看到只是把sda这块硬盘用了,做了vg(vg_dsgdata),并且在vg(vg_dsgdata)下建了/dev/vg_dsgdata/lv_root, /dev/vg_dsgdata/lv_swap, /dev/vg_dsgdata/lv_home三个lv, 通过df -h看到/dev/mapper/vg_dsgdata-lv_root挂载在根目录/下,/dev/mapper/vg_dsgdata-lv_home挂载在/home目录下.从上述看,还剩余sdb,sdc,sdd三块硬盘没有使用
[rootdsgdata ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units cylinders of 16065 * 512 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdc: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units cylinders of 16065 * 512 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdd: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units cylinders of 16065 * 512 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units cylinders of 16065 * 512 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000a2d9e Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 121602 976248832 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/vg_dsgdata-lv_root: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders Units cylinders of 16065 * 512 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_dsgdata-lv_swap: 8355 MB, 8355053568 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1015 cylinders Units cylinders of 16065 * 512 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_dsgdata-lv_home: 937.6 GB, 937632464896 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 113993 cylinders Units cylinders of 16065 * 512 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000
[rootdsgdata ~]# [rootdsgdata ~]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name vg_dsgdata PV Size 931.02 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 238341 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 238341 PV UUID lPOKfO-HZ6y-4ubK-5TPk-FuB0-ypCU-y0mK1R [rootdsgdata ~]# [rootdsgdata ~]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_dsgdata System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 3 Open LV 3 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 931.02 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 238341 Alloc PE / Size 238341 / 931.02 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID zQcZh0-2t6e-9LuM-zHnv-R0tG-sQDi-Ba3wLK [rootdsgdata ~]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_dsgdata/lv_root LV Name lv_root VG Name vg_dsgdata LV UUID D7Z7jC-v0aK-fYJ5-AbcN-LmjX-nMEJ-dwpcm0 LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time dsgdata, 2014-03-05 17:59:43 0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 50.00 GiB Current LE 12800 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_dsgdata/lv_swap LV Name lv_swap VG Name vg_dsgdata LV UUID 0HrVlq-IS9g-hNH0-R1Sr-hvcd-BUI2-hkjfLh LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time dsgdata, 2014-03-05 18:00:00 0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 7.78 GiB Current LE 1992 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:1 --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_dsgdata/lv_home LV Name lv_home VG Name vg_dsgdata LV UUID PC4IMN-Nvm3-UpaB-Em5I-NCvq-fzPF-MKcqOs LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time dsgdata, 2014-03-05 18:00:01 0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 873.24 GiB Current LE 223549 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:2 [rootdsgdata ~]# [rootdsgdata ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_dsgdata-lv_root 50G 4.4G 43G 10% / tmpfs 3.9G 228K 3.9G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 40M 420M 9% /boot /dev/mapper/vg_dsgdata-lv_home 860G 200M 816G 1% /home [rootdsgdata ~]#
2.下面手工操作,创建增加减少删除关于pv,vg,lv的操作
创建pv
[rootdsgdata /]# pvcreate /dev/sdb Physical volume /dev/sdb successfully created [rootdsgdata /]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name vg_dsgdata PV Size 931.02 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 238341 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 238341 PV UUID lPOKfO-HZ6y-4ubK-5TPk-FuB0-ypCU-y0mK1R /dev/sdb is a new physical volume of 931.51 GiB --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb VG Name PV Size 931.51 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID MO29Sj-3lEd-Licp-BNxD-9qPH-v5y4-zLUNHI [rootdsgdata /]# pvscan PV /dev/sda2 VG vg_dsgdata lvm2 [931.02 GiB / 0 free] PV /dev/sdb lvm2 [931.51 GiB] Total: 2 [1.82 TiB] / in use: 1 [931.02 GiB] / in no VG: 1 [931.51 GiB] [rootdsgdata /]# [rootdsgdata /]# pvremove /dev/sdb Labels on physical volume /dev/sdb successfully wiped [rootdsgdata /]# pvscan PV /dev/sda2 VG vg_dsgdata lvm2 [931.02 GiB / 0 free] Total: 1 [931.02 GiB] / in use: 1 [931.02 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]pre code_snippet_id220533 snippet_file_nameblog_20140306_6_5401133 classhtml namecode[rootdsgdata /]# pvcreate /dev/sdb Physical volume /dev/sdb successfully created 3.创建VG
3.创建VG [rootdsgdata /]# vgcreate DATA /dev/sdb
Volume group DATA successfully created
[rootdsgdata /]#
[rootdsgdata /]# vgdisplay DATA
--- Volume group --- VG Name DATA System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 931.51 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 238467 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 238467 / 931.51 GiB VG UUID HhP6O7-sjLT-xzA7-YqLl-QsOJ-lQSM-3sN5VS
[rootdsgdata /]# 给VG添加或者减少容量
[rootdsgdata /]# pvcreate /dev/sdc Physical volume /dev/sdc
successfully created
[rootdsgdata /]# vgextend DATA /dev/sdc
Volume group DATA successfully extended
[rootdsgdata /]# vgdisplay DATA
--- Volume group --- VG Name DATA System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 2 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 1.82 TiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 476934 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 476934 / 1.82 TiB VG UUID HhP6O7-sjLT-xzA7-YqLl-QsOJ-lQSM-3sN5VS
[rootdsgdata /]# vgreduce DATA /dev/sdc
Removed /dev/sdc from volume group DATA
[rootdsgdata /]# vgdisplay DATA
--- Volume group --- VG Name DATA System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 3 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 931.51 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 238467 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 238467 / 931.51 GiB VG UUID HhP6O7-sjLT-xzA7-YqLl-QsOJ-lQSM-3sN5VS
[rootdsgdata /]# 4.创建LV,并挂载 [rootdsgdata /]# lvscan
ACTIVE /dev/vg_dsgdata/lv_root [50.00 GiB] inherit ACTIVE /dev/vg_dsgdata/lv_swap [7.78 GiB] inherit ACTIVE /dev/vg_dsgdata/lv_home [873.24 GiB] inherit
[rootdsgdata /]# lvcreate -n test -L 100G DATA
Logical volume test created
[rootdsgdata /]# lvscan ACTIVE
/dev/DATA/test [100.00 GiB] inherit ACTIVE /dev/vg_dsgdata/lv_root [50.00 GiB] inherit ACTIVE /dev/vg_dsgdata/lv_swap [7.78 GiB] inherit ACTIVE /dev/vg_dsgdata/lv_home [873.24 GiB] inherit
[rootdsgdata /]# 在根目录下创建目录CXF [rootdsgdata /]# mkdir /cxf 对逻辑卷进行格式化
[rootdsgdata /]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/DATA/test mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label OS type: Linux Block size4096 (log2) Fragment size4096 (log2) Stride0 blocks, Stripe width0 blocks 6553600 inodes, 26214400 blocks 1310720 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block0 Maximum filesystem blocks4294967296 800 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872/ppWriting inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done/ppThis filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. [rootdsgdata /]# 将逻辑卷/dev/DATA/test挂载到/cxf目录下:
[rootdsgdata /]# mount /dev/DATA/test /cxf [rootdsgdata /]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_dsgdata-lv_root 50G 4.4G 43G 10% / tmpfs 3.9G 228K 3.9G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 40M 420M 9% /boot /dev/mapper/vg_dsgdata-lv_home 860G 200M 816G 1% /home /dev/mapper/DATA-test 99G 188M 94G 1% /cxf [rootdsgdata /]#
